While a prolonged working life has been mainly feasible for people with the most advantageous working careers, knowledge about the barriers for those with vulnerable occupational paths is still scarce. This study explores the conditions for prolonged working life from a perspective on labor market trajectories.

The report’s main focus is on old-age pension systems. It looks primarily at statutory pensions, incorporating the adequacy contribution of supplementary pensions where relevant. The report also looks at the role of survivors’ pensions in providing adequate old-age income for surviving spouses.

Based on 1,828 legislated reform packages in 23 countries from 1970 to 2023 the paper determine whether those reforms improve or worsen the financial position of the current participants and the length of the phase‐in periods. The research contributes to understanding the political economy of pension reforms and their implementation timelines.

The amount of the net take-home pension is affected by how earnings-related and national pension benefits and the taxation of pensions are determined. This report provides an overview of how these factors have been determined for 2024.

The paper use unique health record data that cover outpatient care and the associated costs to quantify the health care costs of a sizable increase in the retirement age in Germany.

Estimates of how health affects employment vary considerably. The authors assess how different methods and health measures impact estimates of the impact of health on employment using a unified framework for the United States and England.

Pension reform is never easy but in some countries it seems to be particularly difficult. Over the past months, France saw widespread protests against planned reforms, in particular against the increase of the retirement age from 62 to 64 years. To many outside observers this does not seem like a particularly radical reform, given that many OECD countries are on the way to reaching a pension age beyond 65.

The number of self-employed workers has been rising rapidly in the UK in recent decades. At the same time, private pension participation among this group has fallen sharply, leading to increasing concern among policymakers about the preparedness for retirement of self-employed workers. This report documents and analyses private pension saving using administrative data that follows the UK self-employed population over the decade from 2005–06 to 2014–15.